Inhaled O-nitrosothanol gas (ENO), a form of ethyl nitrite gas, can relieve persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn, according to a research letter in the July 13 issue of The Lancet. The treatment avoids rebound hypoxia and other complications seen with inhaled nitric oxide (NO), which is the current standard of care.
“Our study showed that this new drug improved the oxygenation of seven babies with persistent pulmonary hypertension, without the adverse side effects of currently used drugs,” senior author Jonathan S. Stamler, MD, from Howard Hughes Medical Institute, says in a news release. “It’s an encouraging start.”
“Other than extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) which is a very invasive therapy, inhaled NO is the only other treatment for these babies,” Stamler says. “However, while it can be quite effective in relaxing vessels, it is…cumbersome to administer, has similar rates of mortality as ECMO, it is relatively impotent (most of the NO gets trapped in the lung) and its use is complicated by a rebound effect.”
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