NEW YORK (Reuters Health) – A history of sexually transmitted infection (STI) is associated with the development of prostate cancer, suggesting that such infections may play a causative role.
Dr. Leslie K. Dennis and Dr. Deborah V. Dawson, from the University of Iowa in Iowa City, conducted a meta-analysis of 36 studies that evaluated the link between sexual activity and prostate cancer development.
Men with a history of any STI, gonorrhea, or syphilis were 1.4, 1.4, and 2.3 times more likely, respectively, to develop prostate cancer than men without these histories, the authors report in the January issue of Epidemiology.
The amount of sexual activity was also tied to prostate cancer development. Men who engaged in sexual activity 3 times/week were 1.2 times more likely to develop prostate cancer than men who engaged in sexual activity less than once a week. In addition, the number of sexual partners was directly related to prostate cancer risk.
The number of marriages, age at first intercourse, and age at first marriage had minimal effect on prostate cancer risk, the investigators note.
The authors surmise that STIs "may represent one mechanism through which prostate cancer develops." The reasons for a link between increased sexual activity and prostate cancer are not clear, they say, but one possibility is that increased activity raises androgen levels that stimulate neoplasm growth.
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