מתוך medicontext.co.il
WESTPORT, CT (Reuters Health) – Individuals who consume diets rich animal fat may be at increased risk of developing cancer of the esophagus and the stomach, according to the results of a report in the October issue of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
The rates of two types of cancer–gastric cardia and esophageal adenocarcinoma–have risen rapidly over the past 30 years, Dr. Susan T. Mayne from Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, and colleagues report. To investigate potential links between these and two other types of stomach and esophageal cancers and dietary factors, Dr. Mayne interviewed more than 1000 patients and nearly 700 healthy people in three states.
Total fat intake and intake of saturated fat each doubled the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma, the investigators found. Saturated fat also raised the risk of gastric cardia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cholesterol, animal protein and vitamin B12, found primarily in animal products, were also associated with a higher risk of these cancers.
Intake of fiber, beta-carotene, folate, vitamin C and vitamin B6 were associated with a lower risk of all four cancer types studied. Intake of salt and nitrites were each linked with risk of noncardia gastric cancer.
The use of a vitamin C supplement at least once a week for 6 months or longer also showed a significant association with a lower risk of these cancers, the report indicates.
"These results have implications for strategies aimed at preventing all of these cancers, but especially for adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia, given their increasing incidence rates," Dr. Mayne and colleagues conclude.
"Our results suggest that prevention strategies for these cancers should emphasize increased consumption of plant foods, decreased consumption of foods of animal origin…and control of obesity," Dr. Mayne commented in statement.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2001 October.
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